Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Agriculture of CA and the Pacific Northwest

Since the dawn of civilization, man has always been searching for techniques to have a system of food channeling. Agriculture provided the requisite respite from hunting and gave mankind the necessary support. The United States of America, had agriculture as an integral part of the system and certain states have more affinity towards farming than others.Agriculture in California and Pacific Northwest has had its share ups and downs and both the regions have seen newer developments in agriculture due to newer laws and advances.â€Å"Agriculture of CA and the Pacific Northwest†One of the most intriguing occupation, that has not only been age old but also the most satisfying, has been ‘agriculture’.   California’s agriculture has a very unique history to it. The amount of changes that have taken place over a course of 200 years is enormous, and the agricultural industry has gone through a good and bad tenure during this phase.The changes have been intricate and precise due to a no. of factors.   The alterations in the industry has taken place in the choice of mix of crops; The kind of technology that has been altered from horse driven ploughs to high tech tractors embedded with powerful global positioning satellite guides.;The directional sources of water has been changed along with changes in ownership arrangement.   The face of the industry has completely been changed due to the growing demands of the urban population.But there are some factors of the Californian agriculture that remain the same. These core values have been with agriculture field from the start and have never been part of any change in the system.On a primary level, majority of the farming done in California has always been market eccentric and had never revolved around sustenance of famer’s family which was the basic concept of farming in the pre years of the country.The Farming community of California has always been adaptive and the entrepreneur mentali ty has always been an integral part of them.   Californian agriculture has always catered to newer markets demands and has always been part of a unique economic agricultural philosophy. Agriculture in CA has provided opportunities of fulfilling local and international market needs.From supplying wheat to Europe to vegetable in Asia, California’s agriculture has been a pioneer for varied markets.   Wine production was also fulfilled by California’s agriculture.Another factor that has been instilled in agriculture in CA is its resource dependency which has been laid out from the olden ages.   The agriculture carried out in California has always been ridden with antagonistic searching of newer lands and water resources.   Lands and water have been exploited before and the case is no different even in the latest times.This factor has been rampant in the agricultural society of California.   An additional factor that has always been with California’s agricu lture is how the absence of water has brought a shape to it. Due to the excess demand of California’s agricultural supplies, it has always been in need of apt water resources.This is exactly why California’s agriculture has always been an active participant of water wars both on an internal and external front.Like each industry, the success of production is dependent on the quality of skills and the quantity of labors that one has for effective working of the operation.   California’s agriculture was no different when it came to labor management and problems that were holed up due to the deficiency of requisite manpower.Due to the varied farming and harvesting techniques in California, the dependency on agricultural labor was a crucial factor in the olden times. Today dependency of agricultural labors is still a crucial part of the Californian agriculture, but with lenient immigration laws, the void has been filled by immigrants from Latin America and Asia.The se immigrant agricultural labors have been actively operating large scale operations on the land and have been instrumental for specialty crop farms. One of the prime decisive factors that have not changed over the course of history is the California’s agriculture’s susceptibility. Farming is one such industry that has always been affected by calamities caused by natural reasons.Agriculture which is wholly dependent on nature’s mercy gets completely dissuaded when natural fury likes floods or droughts occur. Financial crashes also affect agriculture, and California’s agricultural needs have been greatly disturbed by recessions and economic depressions.   It still is at risk when financial market around the world crash, destroying the scope of increasing market needs.California’s agriculture always driven by market needs has always opened up opportunities for functioning of large scale operations. Due to the diversity of operations, agriculture in California has always required specialized management to handle the complexity of such operations and also to monitor the success of these operations.The historic â€Å"Gold rush â€Å", was one of the front running elements that embedded the need for higher technical management in California. With passing of time and advancements in technology, the management that overlooks high end technical operations has been critical for effectuating success.California’s need for higher technologies in agriculture has always been a dominant factor amongst its community. The fact that the entire agriculture has been market oriented, the need to create a niche always existed in the agricultural sector of California.There have always been heavy investments in better technologies and irrigation equipments, large scale operational technologies, pest control are key examples of such technologies.   California agriculture also ventured into food processing and wine making to gratify the ma rket with high end.The capitalist philosophy of California’s agricultural community has been a key element in driving the state towards a technology dependent farming and production.The following will best describe the qualities of a famer, which is best felt by California’s agricultural community:â€Å"The farmer in California, to be successful, must be a skilled agronomist, a careful manager of labor, an astute businessman, a speculator, and certainly an optimist. In recent decades California agriculture has been characterized by a high degree of specialization, seasonality, and reliance (Clarke Chambers. Page 1.1952).

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Bible as Literature Essay

One of the central arguments of the Old Testament book Genesis is its credibility as a historical account. Nobody may never really know if the events written in this book actually happened or not, especially parts (or chapters) where hints of culture and detailed places can be read. Except maybe chapters 1 and 2 which is the beginning of existence itself. Then again, details may have been passed through oral tradition, but considering the eternity of years between the time of creation and the time words were even put on to the most primitive of ways, details may be greatly distorted. After the creation story (Chapters 1 and 2) virtually all introductions of all chapters start out with the father siring a son, and that’s son’s son. A family tree in other words. An elaborate one at that, because the writer can trace back up to Adam. The Chapter starts out as, again, that familiar family tree starting from the children of Abraham and Keturah, Abraham’s other wife, up to the twins Esau and Jacob. By this, Genesis chapter 25 provides evidence that it should be taken as part of history and not as fiction. Then again Abraham took a wife, and her name was Keturah. And she bare him Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And Jokshan begat Sheba, and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were Asshirim, and Letushim, and Leummim. And the sons of Midian; Ephah, and Epherm and Hanochm and Abidahm and Eldaah . All of these were the children of Keturah. (Genesis 25: 1- 4) It is not clear whether Abraham married Keturah when he was still with Sarah or after her death. At any rate, Keturah seemed to be more fruitful, which just helped Abraham seal his place as the Father of All Nations. Patriarchal Theme Indeed Abraham is the father of all nations, heck, we even have a nursery rhyme to prove it, but what about the mother of all nations? Or in this case the mothers of all nations? The patriarchs are always one of the great figures in history and literature, which what the Bible actually is, a piece of (very old) history and literature. Patriarchy is the accepted system in most societies since people evolved into social creatures. Social groups are based in this system, governments, religion, and the family alike. Perhaps the most controversial of all, would be in religion, God is branded as â€Å"He† even though no one can ever really tell. But if Jesus and God are one in the same, logic tells us that the Supreme Being is also male. There’s a popular saying that in order to be of worth in this world; one must either write a book, plant a tree, or sire a son. Sons were always cherished by families, especially fathers since they would be able to inherit the family’s wealth and continue the blood line. In fact, during biblical times, and in some countries, even today, people are addressed by their names following who their father is: I am (name) son of (name of father), or I am from the house of (name of father) They only recognize who the father is. The theme of Patriarchy is a sensitive topic today, especially when women now are becoming more and more involved in the society, and sometimes more successful than most men. It has long been argued what the role of women are in the world. If they are fit in every position the world has to offer. Tradition (and our patriarchal society) tells us that men are supposed to be the leaders, but things has changed since Abraham’s time. There’s no doubt that men should hold high positions in the church, that’s just the way it is. Feminists can’t argue with that, but with everything else, men and women should have fair chances in finding their place in society. Covenant Theme Now the Lord said to Abram, ‘Go forth from your country, and from your your relatives And from your father’s house, To the land which I will show you; And I will make you a great nation, And I will bless you, And make your name great; And so, you shall be a blessing; And I will bless those who bless you, And the one who curses you I will curse. (Genesis 12:1-3) This is the covenant that God made with Abraham, it’s more like a promise of God to Abraham than a mutual agreement since Abraham benefited a lot from this covenant regardless of his future actions. As long as he leaves his country, his relatives, and his father’s house, all of God’s promises to him would be fulfilled This covenant making business isn’t new to God, e has done this in a couple of occasions. First was his covenant with Adam and Eve after they ate the forbidden fruit and was expelled from Paradise, God cut them some slack so they could still live and procreate. Another was during Noah’s time after God destroyed the rest of Mankind, except Noah’s family, He promised Noah that he would no longer destroy man by the use of flood. Then came Abraham. (Genesis 6-9) Abraham lived a comfortable life before God called upon him. What God was asking Abraham wasn’t easy. Nomads were considered inferior during that time plus the fact that God didn’t specify where exactly He wanted Abraham to be. Regardless of this uncertainty, he followed God’s will, and left the city, with all its comforts, to live the life of a nomad in the desert plains. (Genesis 12:1-3,7; 13: 14-18; 15: 4, 5, 13-18; 17-19; 22: 15-18) The covenant that God made Abraham is known as an Unconditional Covenant, for the promises that God made to Abraham would not be revoked even if he does not continue to comply on his side of the bargain. As long as Abraham leaves the city, all the conditions would be fulfilled by God. There’s more to it than God blessing Abraham’s descendants and making them more numerous than the stars. Let’s see what are some of the things that Abraham got from this deal: 1. Abraham will become the father of all nations (technically just Israel) 2. Abraham would inherit Canaan 3. He would be blessed 4. His name would be great 5. He would be a blessing to others 6. He and Sarah would have a son despite their old age Brewer, David, God’s Covenant with Abraham These promises however aren’t instantaneous, some are in the distant future ranging from Isaac’s birth, about 20 years later, and the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt, which is a good 400 years later after the covenant. Critical Analysis of the literary, cultural, and religious issues The first issue that may be noticed in this chapter is from the first verse. Abraham taking a new wife, Keturah. The author does not say if Keturah was concubine of Abraham or if she was â€Å"taken† by Abraham after his wife’s death. One thing’s for sure, God is fulfilling His promise that Abraham would have descendants more numerous than the stars. It might sound a bit odd for a Christian to read about a Christian figure having concubines, but apparently, Abraham have had lots of concubines, and have had many sons with them. Another issue is Abraham’s death. Genesis tells us that he died one hundred and seventy five years old probably three times, on average, of today’s life expectancy. Sure, people back then lived a lot longer than today, but 175 is way too old. The calendar year then may have been different from today. Abraham gave gifts to his sons and sent them away towards the country to the east, while everything else he gave to Isaac. There’s Hebrew story that Abraham sent the other sons away fearing that they might begin conflicts. He might be right, because Islam can be traced back from the other sons of Abraham. On the family level, favouritisms were already a part of the family during that time. Isaac preferred Esau while Rebecca likes Jacob. Isaac probably liked Esau more, because he was a hunter, he provided the family with his game. Esau would make any typical dad proud. Esau liked the outdoors and was very masculine . Jacob on the other hand stayed at home, tending to the tents or in modern day terms, doing household chores. Of course mothers would have loved this. (Genesis 25: 27-28) Divine election is the power of God to choose whoever He desires, to do something or receive his blessing. God had already chosen Isaac and Jacob to be the recipients of Abraham’s blessings way before they were born. However this doesn’t mean that God chose them because he already knew that they would be more pious than the others. In Jacob’s case, Esau might have been more worthy of God’s blessing since Jacob took advantage of his brother’s weakness. Esau sold his birth right to Jacob for food, saying that he doesn’t need it since he is dying. God had chosen them simply because it is his will. He is God after all. (Deffinbaugh, Th. M, Divine Election) Arguably the most controversial issue is Jacob, as mentioned, Jacob schemed to buy his brother’s birth right so he can have most out of the inheritance he would get from his father. He need not do this because he was already chosen by God. Which Rebecca probably revealed to him already since he is her favorite. (Genesis 25: 31-33) Genesis’ Author The author of Genesis was probably a nomad just like Abraham, who raised livestock like cattle, and sheep on the plains of their land. The author may have written the book out of the urge to tell a story to trace their roots, or if it’s true, really trace his family tree up to Abraham. The author must have felt that he had to write into account his family’s heritage. What Genesis is, is really just an extensive family tree from Adam, to his last descendant in the book. The author might have written the chapters of the book, sitting under a shade of tree after tending to his flock. To pass time, he might have decided that he might as well do something productive during his break. It’s possible that these stories were later told at his household and soon became popular that it was told to every tent in the community. There’s also a chance that the author was a scholar, born several hundreds of maybe a thousand years after the estimated date of its last chapter. He (assuming he was a man) maybe the very first ethnographer of the world. If in deed, he was, he was very successful. He gathered a large number of information; from traditions/cultures: what the ancient people actually do during those times and how they lived, what they wore†¦etc. , history; detailed accounts of what happened, including probable conversations that might have happened between the people and God, and among themselves. What the author has done is simply astonishing, generations upon generations of ancient history, written in just one book, and its not even as thick as today’s novels. which may hypothesize that the book wasn’t just made by a single author but by the family historian in each generation. Works Cited Deffinbaugh, Th. M. â€Å"The Principle of Divine Election† bible. org. September 1, 2008 http://www. bible. org/page. php? page_id=104 New American Bible. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 3211 4th Street, N. E. , Washington, DC 20017-1194 (202) 541-3000

Monday, July 29, 2019

A Guide for Designers on the Construction

The Construction Design and Management 2015, which is also known as CDM 2015, were enacted into place in 6 th April 2015 replacing the CDM 2007. The main requirement in this act helps to provide legal requirements for the construction industry concerning the health and safety in the industry. In this view, the act helps to define the different roles of the people in the construction industry in maintaining the health and safety during working environment[1]. The CDM 2015 offers the HSE legal series and guidance on the construction industry and helps to keep the sector accident free. The HSE official has to take care of the initial conditions of the construction status and helps to control the hazards. Several rules do apply on the triangular house due to the advancement of the different hazards, which can be found on such site considering the working height. The regulations also defines requirement to have the perfect personnel for their rights jobs and be able to cooperate and coordinate the work with others. Moreover, the CDM 2015 helps the HSE official to convey the right information concerning the risks and the way to manage them at the site, help to pass the safety and health information to the right people perfectly and on time and be able to consult and engage other workers about the available risks and help to cooperate to come up with solutions on the risks[2]. In this view, the CDM 2015 requires the people to keep the construction industry accident free by maintaining the different aspects and safety issues. Triangular house must have a lift to enhance the movement due to its location that is near the road. The lift requires proper management and check up to ensure that it is secure and safe for use. In addition, it requires one to be able to pass the information concerning the risks available and help to define the solutions well. This legislation requires proper passing of information in order to enhance its effectiveness in the construction industry. The project manager has to design the proper channel for this communication and then pass it to the HSE personnel. The triangular house has several floors and therefore passing of information from one floor to another is difficult. The workers cannot be shouting to one another considering the noise at a working site. The CDM therefore stipulates for the existence of proper channel and method of communication to enhance passing of information. Through the talks, the proper message on CDM 2015 can therefore be passed and solution concerning the risks passed to the people. This will help to minimize some of the risks such as personal injuries, which can be sustained due to lack of concentration while working. In addition, passing the information that each person should be allocated the duties they are qualified on will help to minimize the injuries and risks. In addition, in order to effect this regulation effectively, workshops and trainings to ensure that workers are conversant with the tools and machines will help to attain the goals of this regulation[3]. This will ensure that proper and qualifi ed personals are allow to operate and perform their specific function, in relation with this regulation, the measure will help to reduce the cases of personal injuries and therefore providing a safe working environment. In conclusion, the client, HSE officer and project manager have great say in the health and safety of the triangular house and any other buildings as well.   In addition, the regulation can also be effected through holding proper meetings to plan and derive solutions for the available risks and problems[4]. The project manager can arrange to have these meeting and discuss the location of the specific parts such as the lift, which help to solve the problem issues. This will help to reduce risks, which may occur due to knocks by the objects on the air. Fire safety is a key element, which need to be considered in any development of a structure. Projects and measures to curb the future incidents of fire are made in advance and taken care of and provision of the key escape route of the people in the triangular house. Considering the amount of millions inserted in the development of structure of the triangular house, the fire safety becomes an important component, which must be addressed. Since the fire can destroy the structure in few hours, the addresses of the fire safety are an economical measure, which defines the incidents of fire, can be addressed to bring on minimal losses when they happen[5]. In this connection, the fire safety regulations are practices, which are brought on board to help reduce the destruction include the provision of escape routes which are enough to ensure proper evacuation. Since these regulations are meant to control both passive and active fire incidents, the provision of guidelines and warning helps to provide the solutions to fire incidents. Ignition prevention for the uncontrolled fire is one of the major design measure which is key in provision of the fire safety[6]. In order to protect the building from such incidents, the building facility is built in accordance with the building codes. Some of these key regulations include the definition of maximum occupancy of the building, maintaining of fire exits points in the triangular house and especially on the ground floor. Correct type of fore fighting machines such as fire extinguishers is essential to ensure that in case of any incident, the firefighting machines can be accessed easily on every floor[7]. In addition, the fire safety arrangement helps in providing the required alerts through the alarm systems. This ensures that people are able to evacuate the affected areas on time and therefore it shows the reason beyond its importance. The fire safety enhances the awareness of the main actions that need to be undertaken each time an incident happens. According to building fire safety regulations 2005, the rules help to reduce the obstruction, which might happen whenever the incident of fire happens[8]. The regulation provides the procedure through which the process has to take place and therefore reducing the casualties, which might happen. In addition, the floor plan must also have enough space, which must allow the movement of the people in the triangular house. The single staircase provided in the triangular house is not sufficient to allow the evacuation in case of internal fire on all the floors and emergency exits are required to ensure proper safety in case of fire. Moreover, the fire safety regulations help to define the type of structures that will be set up according to their use. In conclusion, the triangular house requires proper fire requirement for both external and internal fires. Considering it is a high-rise building, proper fire consideration is required and equipment is placed on order. This provision is provided according to the use of the structure and helps to define the duration, which the structure can withstand during fire incidents. In conclusion, the fire safety requirements have to be met because they are able to maintain the safety of structures and procedure of ensuring that all personnel in the buildings are safe. Bone, Stephen., & Great Britain. 2000. Designing for health and safety in construction: A guide for designers on the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994. Sudbury: HSE Books. Cassidy, Kevin A. 1992. Fire safety and loss prevention. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. Construction Industry Training Board (1963-2003). 1995. CDM: The view from here : the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations. London: CITB. Great Britain. 1995. Managing construction for health and safety: Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994. Sudbury, Suffolk [England: HSE Books. Hughes, Phil, and Ed Ferrett. 2016. Introduction to health and safety in construction: for the NEBOSH national certificate in construction health and safety. Joyce, Rose. 2001. The construction (design and management) regulations, 1994: Explained. Ludhra, Subash. 2015. Common sense guide to health and safety in construction. Construction Industry Training Board (1963-2003). 1995. CDM: The view from here : the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations. London: CITB. Rose, Joyce. 2001. The construction (design and management) regulations, 1994: Explained. Stephen, Bone., & Great Britain. 2000. Designing for health and safety in construction: A guide for designers on the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994. Sudbury: HSE Books. Great Britain. 1995. Managing construction for health and safety: Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994. Sudbury, Suffolk [England: HSE Books. Robert, Ratay T. 2012. Temporary structures in construction. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Education LLC. https://accessengineeringlibrary.com/browse/temporary-structures-in-construction-third-edition. Subash, Ludhra. 2015. Common sense guide to health and safety in construction. Kevin, Cassidy A. 1992. Fire safety and loss prevention. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. Phil, Hughes, and Ferrett Ed. 2016. Introduction to health and safety in construction: for the NEBOSH national certificate in construction health and safety.

Oppurtunity analysis report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Oppurtunity analysis report - Essay Example For instance, domestic customers also tightened their belt in 2008 – 2009 amid unemployment, inflation and low real incomes, thereby reducing the money spent on luxury and budget trips for relaxation, honeymoon, sightseeing, entertainment, adventure and casual visits to attractive places across the world. In other words, the demand for air travel followed by demand of foreign and domestic trips reduced significantly in last 2 years that resulted in either complete or partial closures of many travel agencies in USA. However, the US economy is now observing growth and coming out of recession; hence new business and investment opportunities have been created in tourism and hospitality industry. The demand of budget and luxury foreign and domestic leisure trips has increased after sharp decline in preceding years because of improvement in employment prospects and purchasing power. The author, being a business executive, has planned to enter aforementioned industry by establishing his own Travel Agency named â€Å"The Trips Organizers† in New York and Washington Cities. The company will target middle-middle, upper - middle and elite social classes and offer its premium quality products such as budget and luxury tours to potential US travelers and tourists who wish to enjoy numerous exquisite places, resorts, beaches and wonders outside USA. In addition, the company will also market its products to non-US travelers who wish to visit USA for tourism and who are fascinated with its natural beau ty, resorts, backpackers, beaches etc. This opportunity could prove to be highly lucrative because the world is coming out of recession and the demand for foreign and domestic leisure trips is expected to increase at a rate of 5% in upcoming years worldwide. Hence, there is greater probability that our business would remain successful if we offer outstanding, well-differentiated and distinctive services at

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Is Monetary Policy Overburdened Literature review

Is Monetary Policy Overburdened - Literature review Example The monetary policy, today, is not expected to achieve goals it used to achieve before. Unemployment and inflation are speculated to persist if overburdening of the monetary policy continues. Whenever the employment rates suddenly increase, the central bank is forced to print more money for salaries, but, this is not a solution to inflation. During the crisis, central banks focused on price stability and at this time, they became independent institutions dominating the control of inflation without interference from the government. At that time, they achieved their goal in controlling inflation, but in 2008 and 2009, the inflation rate started increasing. The governments doubted on the credibility of central banks in maintaining price stability. Today, most central banks are not independent in their operations and that is why public policies from the government are overburdening the monetary policies. Price stability may not be realized if the public policies continue to overburden the monetary policies posing a threat to economies in the future (Orphanides 2013, p. 2). The monetary policy is aimed at stabilizing the price levels of goods and commodities in accordance with the state of the economy. The global financial crisis incorporated inflation which led to a continued increase in unemployment rates. Governments rushed to reduce their spending and reduce unemployment rates that resulted in overburdening of the monetary policy. The monetary policy has been practiced before and deflation was achieved, and thus, stabilizing the price levels. Before the financial crisis, discussions on what constitutes a good monetary policy run among the major central banks where they agreed on the practice of targeting inflation (Orphanides 2013, p. 2). At the first stages of the global financial crisis, disappointing growth was associated with many economies. The real GDP was maintained in countries like the US, the United Kingdom, and Japan.

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Segmentation and Introduction to Product Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Segmentation and Introduction to Product - Essay Example This is a category of the market that requires the color and the type of shapes that the product is associated with. It is star shaped and the unique shape is meant to attract children. Children respond better to such uniqueness that the product is known for. The cereal is manufactured from whole grain wheat and provides eight important vitamins and other essential minerals such as iron and calcium. These minerals help in growth which makes the product more suitable for children. The packaging of products determines the response they get from the market. In this case, the packaging has lots of cartoons which would draw attention from children. One other feature that makes this cereal favorable to women is the fact that it is chocolate flavored. The affinity women have for chocolate would draw their attention to notice this product when on a shopping spree. Consequently, as a product targeting women, Estreliats is bound to captivate the female

Friday, July 26, 2019

GOTHIC AND TABOO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

GOTHIC AND TABOO - Essay Example In England, it was marked by the vertical lines and a four-centered arch with fan vaulting and was between the 14th and the 15th centuries. Gothic writing as earlier mentioned is said to be old fashioned, therefore, their form of writing is Frankenstein (Schultz, p 34). This book was meant to be of artistic value that was characterized by gloomy and mystery and grotesque features. When a person imaginary self is the issue of one of these conventions then, it is specialized in the following manner. It is the place of the self to be extremely blocked off from something to which it should normally to have the right of entry (Schultz, p 35). This something can be its past, the details of its kin history; it can be an open atmosphere, when the nature has been buried when still breathing. It might be a combination of life or a lover (Sedgwick 17). Usually, there is both something going on inside the segregation and something hugely relevant going on incredibly out of reach (Schultz, p 31). While the three top elements take (Sedgwick 12). On the most varied guise, the terms of the association are incontrovertible. The self contains everything that the outside possess including appropriate, ordinary, essential relationship to one another. It also contains the swiftly incompetent of making (Goldsmith, pp.23-28). Both the inside and outside life have to continue independently, becoming counterparts rather than allies, the affiliation between them one of the parallels and correspondences rather than contact. This, though it may happen in an instantaneous, is a fundamental reorganization, creating doublings where singleness should be (Goldsmith, Being Dumb). Finally, the failure of restoring them to their initial being is the most feature energies of the Gothic novel (Goldsmith, the Colbert Report). From the novel, it can be scrutinized that the most heinous violence and the most dreadful situations of Uncanny are not occurring.

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Banned Books Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Banned Books - Essay Example There are also racial slurs throughout the novel. Moreover, the book does not also contain traditional values of friendship and love. There is also foul language and violence in the conversations of the characters (â€Å"Of Mice and Men,† Marshall University). The ban of the book was actually banned as per the request of a parent in Kansas in 2008, but it was banned in Illinois earlier in 1997. The problem with the book is that it has derogatory statements against women, as well as derogatory description of African Americans (Redwin). Nevertheless, another source stated that Of Mice and Men was banned since the 1950s to the 2000s. Other reasons for the banning of the book was because of the promotion of euthanasia, lack of mercy for the retarded and the mentally ill, the anti-business attitude, and the idea that the Great Depression would somehow make mice out of men (â€Å"Of Mice and Men: Steinbeck’s Controversial†). â€Å"Of Mice and Men: Steinbeck’s controversial banned book for 50 years."  Books.  Examiner.com, 2014. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

Art - Essay Example aphs are used as models to create these paintings, followed by Gerhard Richter’s Photorealism and Over-painted Photographs; who also uses photographs as a major tool for his artistic practice. I will be exploring how a photograph is utilized through out the painting process, and the way it reflects on the painter’s emotional and intellectual aspects . The investigation of both painters will be carried out by looking at these paintings through the French literary theorist and philosopher Ronald Barthes lens, in which he mainly demonstrates in Camera Lucida. My analysis is based on his perception of the nature and essence of photography theories,along with an analysis of portraiture from a philosophical perspective by Professor and Chair Cynthia Freeland in her essayPortraits in Painting and Photography. Both investigations carryout Barthes essential ‘air’whichwill show how this concept of ‘air’ can be used to understand how both artists use photography as a source material.   I argue that a painter who uses photographs as an aiding tool to his/her creative painting practicesfinds the literalprecise reality through their mechanical accurate depiction of the real, yet finds them lacking the essence or ‘air’. This essence will become visible inthe final piece by the collaboration of both the accurate mechanical reality mean of expressiveness (the photograph) with the physical translation of the emotional and intellectual experiences by the human hand. With all the new introductions to new materials and techniques and with the enormous evolvement of digital technology in creating art, more inspirational experiences along with an infinite number of inventive traditional and digital techniques allowed artists to intrigue their motives and intentions in unlimited possible directions. In this regard, I will be exploring how has been utilized by contemporary painters to become part of their artistic experience in the 20th and the 21st century, which

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Discuss the implication of globalization for the organized labour Essay

Discuss the implication of globalization for the organized labour movement in rich countries - Essay Example The process of globalization, with the liberal economic policies, which have been adopted by many countries, has come to weaken the strong foundation upon which many trade unions have been built. Globalization has intensified the economic competition among the various developed nations of the world and to increase this competitiveness, these countries have adopted very liberal trade policies to ensure that their products remain at the top of the global market. These new policies have had an impact on trade unions in very negative way because one of their key parts are the legal restrictions which have been placed on the rights of workers for the sake of a higher efficiency of the economy. A major consequence of these restrictions has been the fact that trade unions in these countries have come to lose those rights, which they had struggled for many years to gain, and this has ensured that the political foundations of such trade unions have been increasingly weakened1. At the same tim e, the liberal policies that have been brought about by globalization have been creates more in favor of the employers than the workers. These policies advocate for the flexibility of the labor market and this has meant that the labor market has been deregulated and that employers have been empowered in areas the hiring of workers, their firing, the choice of how much to pay them, as well as the choice of the use of labor. As a result of this, informal employment and other cheap forms of labor have become prevalent because employers prefer them not only for the cheapness of wages paid to them, but also for the fact that they do not have to cover them in such matters as insurance and safety. This has made it very difficult for trade unions to be able to organize workers into the powerful force that they previously were because many of these informally employed people are not members of unions. The swift change in the development of equipment as well as the globalization of the econom y has led to the acceleration of structural adjustment. With the division of labor on the international scene, some of the developed countries have opted to shift those enterprises that they consider labor intensive to other countries where there is cheaper labor. This has led to the trade unions in these countries to lose those industrial sectors, which had been their traditional bases of support. To add to this, the use of new technologies in such traditional industries as steel, manufacturing and construction has led to the drop in the demand for labor from these industries due to the fact that most of the labor within them has become redundant. Moreover, the traditional ways through which trade unions worked have been challenged by the development of the Information Technology and other related industries, and it is against this background that trade union activities in developed countries, are on the decline2. Globalization has enabled the speeding up of the work of trade union s at an international level. Trade unions have developed as a product of the social and economic conflicts that have been brought about by industrial disputes. They gain their legitimacy through their legalization at a national level and they function as the protectors of the rights of the workers who fall within their jurisdiction. Due to the globalization

Developing Early Warning System for Peace and Security in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Developing Early Warning System for Peace and Security in Nigeria Essay 1. Brief Demographic Background of Nigeria: The demographic characteristics of Nigeria set the platform for an understanding of the case for conflict based National early warning system. A historical analysis of major conflicts in Nigeria since independence points to strong linkages to its demographic composition. It has been unarguably regarded as the most populous country in the Africa and also accounts for half of the entire population of West Africa. The last census exercise in 2007 conducted by the Nigeria Population Commision (NPC) put the country’s population at over 140 million. (NPC, 2006). Politically, it practices a three tier federal system of government comprising the Federal, State and Local Government Councils which implies relative levels of autonomy in governance as well as oversight and control which many political analyst has attributed as a mixture of British Parliamentary and U.S Presidential system of governance. It has 36 states with a Federal Capital Territory at Abuja. These are further sub-divided into 774 semi-autonomous local government councils. For political and economic exigencies of governance and development, it is segregated into what is referred to as six geo political zones which include the North Central, North East, North West, South East, South South and South West. With over 240 ethnic groups spread across the country, the challenges of representation, equity in political representation as well as economic accessibility has been the bedrock of many diverse conflicts in the country. This is further complicated by the heterogeneous mixture of Christian and Muslim religion greatly polarised between the Christian south and Muslim Northern region. (op cit.)The population of traditional religion is sparsely located across the six geo-political zones of the country. Despite the immense rich natural resources in the country, crude oil located at the south south, south east and south west geo political zones of the country remain the major revenue source for the country and also the major source of various causative factors of conflict in Nigeria which has led to its reference in many social science research cycles as the ‘resource curse’ to the extent that the country is now considered one of the 20 poorest countries in the world. Over 70% of the population is classified as poor, with 35 percent living in absolute poverty. This is especially severe in rural areas, where social services are limited or non existent. 2. The Peace and Security Dimension in Nigeria: In contrast, Nigeria’s complex political, socio-cultural and economic diversity has been a source of varied and multiple levels of conflicts and humanitarian crises with implication to sustainable peace, security and development within the country and the West Africa sub region. A retrospection of these conflicts highlights six basic conflict types that have pervaded the country in the last two decades. These include communal conflicts, chieftaincy conflicts, ethno-religious conflicts, oil related conflicts, election related conflicts and agro-pastoralist conflicts. These conflicts are the outcome of the deep rooted causal factors of poverty, poor/bad governance and inequitable distribution of resources and development across the country. Between 1999 to 2010 for instance there has been an estimated death of 14,000 people from various levels of these conflicts across the country and about 750,000 – 850,000 Internally displaced persons.(Internal Displacement Monitoring, 2007) Based on the lack of mechanisms to address the root cause of these conflicts, it has continued to reoccur, intensify and impact negatively in Nigerian societies to the extent of creating viscious cycles of violence and complex humanitarian crises. Communities experiencing these conflicts have remained vulnerable and usually face the risks of further conflicts and distablity. Based on the recurrence of these conflicts,the communities have been tagged, ‘flashpoints of conflict’, unusually disaggregated across geo political lines or constellations. 3. The concept of Early Warning for Peace and Security: Based on the negative impact of conflicts to development and human security, there is increasing paradigm shift from conflict resolution mechanisms regarded as reactive to conflict prevention mechanisms which is seen as more proactive and has the capacity to prevent or mitigate destructive conflict or humanitarian crises globally. As core element of conflict prevention, early warning has increasingly gained prominence, credibility and efficiency as a preventive mechanism and solution to conflicts in societies. By definition, Early Warning has been described as a process of communicating judgements about threats early enough for decision-makers to take action to deter whatever outcome is threatened; or failing that, to manage events in such a way that the worst consequences are mitigated† (WANEP: 2008). Dmitrichev Andrei defined it as organizational procedure or mechanism for the structures and systemic collection and analysis of information, and the subsequent communication of results of this analysis to policy makers in a form that would be easily recognized and understood. The recognition and appreciation of the opportunities inherent in this system resulted in the first organised platform for the systematic development of the early warning system led by the Forum on Early Warning and Early Response (F.E.W.E.R.) in 1997 in response to the Rwandan genocide of 1994. It blossomed to become the largest global network of over thirty five (35) organisations across the world that catalysed the creation of the early warning and response networks in the Caucasus (led by EAWARN/Russian Academy of Sciences), Great Lakes Region of Africa (led by the Africa Peace Forum) and West Africa(led the West Africa Network for Peacebuilding) WANEP. Further impetus to the adoption and institutionalisation of the early warning system was boosted by the former Secretary General of the United Nations, Kofi Annan when he stated that, â€Å"For the United Nations, there is no larger goal, no deeper commitment and no greater ambition than preventing armed conflict. The prevention of conflict begins and ends with the protection of human life and the promotion of human development. Ensuring human security is, in the broadest sense, the United Nations’ cardinal mission. Genuine and lasting prevention is the means to achieve that mission. (Koffi Annan: 2001) This further gave rise to the UN Security Council Resolution 1624 of 2005 with the following core declarations: 1. Reaffirms the need to adopt a broad strategy of conflict prevention, which addresses the root causes of armed conflict and political social crises in a comprehensive manner, including by promoting sustainable development, poverty eradication, national reconciliation, good governance, democracy, gender equality, the rule of law and respect for and protection of human rights; 2. Recognises the need to strengthen the important role of the United Nations in the prevention of violent conflicts, and to develop effective partnerships between the Council and regional organisations, in particular the African Union and its sub regional organisations, in order to enable early responses to disputes and emerging crises; 3. Affirms the UN commitment in â€Å"supporting regional and sub regional capacities for early warning to help them in working out appropriate mechanisms to enable prompt action in reaction to early warning indicators; 4. Recognises the important supporting roles played by civil society, men and women, in conflict prevention and the need to take into account all possible contributions from civil society; 5. Supporting regional and sub regional capacities for early warning to help them in working out appropriate mechanisms to enable prompt action in reaction to early warning indicators; 6. Promote coordination with regional conflict management machinery in Africa which provide the Security Council with additional reliable and timely information to facilitate rapid decision-making; 7. Strengthen the capacities of civil society groups, including women’s groups, working to promote a culture of peace, and to mobilise donors to support these efforts (UN: 2005) 4. Developing Institutional Platform for conflict Early Warning System: Reflecting on WANEP-Nigeria’s Experience: The participation and commitment of the West Africa Network for Peacebuilding (WANEP) to the FEWER platform strengthened its capacity and hands on skill for civil society based analysis and response mechanisms towards the prevention or mitigation of conflict especially within the great lake region following the post Sierra Leone and Liberian Conflicts of 90’s. This deepened its regional expertise as the reference point for early warning system in the West Africa sub region and subsequently the network of choice for the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS) in the implementation of the regional based ECOWAS Early Warning and Response Network (ECOWARN). The system principally works through three basic components of reporting/data gathering, analysis and information dissemination utilised to facilitate response to issues of peace and security within the ECOWAS sub region. WANEP became the civil society partner with ECOWAS in the implementation ECOWARN since 2006. As part of the WANEP regional network, WANEP-Nigeria was mandated as the national civil society focal point to report into the online ECOWARN system. Its task was to provide weekly and daily reports to the incidence and situation reporting template as designed into the online system. This was to give ECOWARN an up to date civil society perspective of the peace and human security threats and opportunities in Nigeria. With the participation of Nigeria in this process came ominous challenges. 1. The first was the pressure from the focal points at Lagos secretariat of WANEP-Nigeria to deliver credible reports in relation to the size of Nigeria 2. With the size of Nigeria, the focal point concentrated in getting information from national newspapers, television and radio For the focal points who were staff of WANEP, it was included as part of their job responsibility. They relied on making phone calls to members of WANEP at the state levels for local or peculiar peace and security information that was not reported in the national media. However, these information were reluctantly or half-hazardly given and also cost intensive to the staff as they often bore liability for these calls. This challenge was partially cushioned when ECOWAS resolved to pay reporters communication allowance in 2007/2008. Inspite of this, the feedback from member organizations providing information at the state level was still half hazard and questionable. To redress this challenge, the program team at the national secretariat organized a brainstorm meeting to develop a framework for a workable national early warning system that not only ensures commitment of member organizations to support the system but also is both functional and cost effective. The first trial system was developed for the Nigeria 2007 elections. An Information, Communication and Technology (I.C.T.) consultant was engaged that worked directly with the program team to capture specific indicators to monitor election related conflicts in what was referred to as the ‘election barometer’. The cost of developing the barometer was wholly borne by the secretariat while the election monitoring was performed by staf f who volunteered to report into the system as an experiential learning process to enhance their understanding of the EW system. The experience motivated the secretariat to consciously plan for a conflict intervention proposal which includes an aspect of a sustainable/operational national early warning system. The submission and approval of the proposal by international partners led WANEP-Nigeria to develop the first locally designed and operated conflict focused National Early Warning system.

Monday, July 22, 2019

Product service system Essay Example for Free

Product service system Essay More and more researchers, institutes and programmes have paid attention to product-service ystems (PSSes) in the last decade because PSS integrates tangible artefact and intangible service to achieve sustainability, improve enterprise competitiveness, and meet customer needs better. In order to respond to the industrial trend towards PSS and frame the related research, the state-of-the-art of PSS research and development are reported. Furthermore, in order to integrate fragmental PSS solutions, this paper proposes a framework for product-service lifecycle management (PSLM) and technologies of PSS development. So, four categories are focused on: review of PSS, esearch about PSS development, a framework for PSLM, and technologies for PSLM (modular product-service development and ontology-based productservice knowledge expression and reuse). The preliminary solution of the implementation roadmap and technologies for PSLM which need to be perfected is proposed to lay a basis for further development and application of PSS for the benefit of industries. Keywords: product-service systems (Psses); product-service lifecycle management; PSS development; modular product-service development 1. Introduction Since the early 1990s, the driver in our economy has been changing from production f material goods to product-service offers based on knowledge and information (Roy and Baxter 2009). The service proportion of output and profits in manufacturing enterprises are increasing. It has become an important trend in the manufacturing industry that service is used to enhance the competitiveness of businesses as well as an important source of values (Sheehan 2000, Mont 2003). There are mainly two manifestations, the first is manufacturing companies are more and more focused on the service in the design or development phase; the second is manufacturers xpanding their activities to the entire lifecycle of the physical products. As a response to this trend, more and more enterprises are beginning to take this service-oriented model of manufacturing, and there are already a lot of successful examples. Rolls Royce offers Total Care Package and Power by the Hour rather than transterring ownership ot the gas turbine engine.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Use of Reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC)

Use of Reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) Introduction Reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) is one of the commonly used techniques in separation of a wide ranging of analyte based on differences in their structures. In RP-HPLC, the polar mobile phase and nonpolar stationary phase was practised. In this mode of HPLC, the analyte retains into stationary phase by hydrophobic interaction (Hanai, 1999; Swadesh, 2001). The surface area of nonpolar part of analyte molecules is more readily to bind to the RP-HPLC stationary phase. Thus, the less polar analyte will has longer retention time, whereas polar analyte elute more readily. Stationary phase and Column packing In RP-HPLC, the stationary phase is employing of alkylated silica gel column. In other words, the column is packing of nonpolar hydrophobic organic species (eg. octyl, octadecyl and phenyl groups). These hydrophobic organic species attached by siloxane bonds (-Si-O-Si-) to the silica surface (Corradini, Katz, Eksteen, Schoenmakers, Miller, 1998). C18 and C8 phase are most commonly used in the column of RP-HPLC. C18 phase is more hydrophobic as it has longer alkyl chain length which bonded to silica gel. C8 has shorter alkyl chain length compared to C18. It has less carbon attached on silica gel. Besides, phenyl group that bonded to silica surface develops the interaction of aromatic ring (Waksmundzka-Hajnos Sherma, 2011). Mobile Phase The organic solvent such as methanol and acetonitrile are most widely used as mobile phase in RP-HPLC. It is due to they have the characteristic of free of particles and UV transparency (Swadesh, 2001). In addition, acetonitrile, methanol and tetrahydrofuran also served as organic modifiers in RP-HPLC. According to Hanai(1999), the concentration of organic modifiers could alter the overall retention time of analytes. However, the relative changes in retention time are still depends on the properties of analytes (Hanai, 1999; Waksmundzka-Hajnos Sherma, 2011). Furthermore, isocratic and gradient elution also applied in RP-HPLC. In isocratic elution, mobile phase composition is remained constant throughout the elution. For gradient elution, the mobile phase composition is changed continuously throughout the elution. Gradient elution gives a better separation peaks for early eluters and sharper peaks for late eluters, but it need greater skills for method development (Ahuja Dong, 2005) . Detector There are many different spectrophotometric detectors that can be used in RP-HPLC. The main function of the detector in RP-HPLC is to trace and detect the presence of analyte components in the chromatography medium. These detectors are including ultraviolet-visible(UV-VIS) detector, diode array detector(DAD), chemiluminescence nitrogen detector(CLND), refractive index(RI) detector, mass spectroscopy(MS) and others (Swadesh, 2001). UV-VIS detector is the most popular detector among spectrophotometric detectors. Waksmundzka-Hajnos Sherma (2011) stated that UV-VIS detector is utilized by referring to interaction of electromagnetic radiation with analyte sample at the wavelength in the region of 190nm to 1100nm. A high sensitivity of detector is crucial as it also control the signal noise level and drift of the baseline. Applications RP-HPLC methods mostly used to detect known or unknown substances in sample for the quality control. It is applicable in food chemistry, forensic chemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry, toxicological analyses, herbal drugs analyses and others. 2.0 Determination of drug samples by RP-HPLC Reversed-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) has been generally and effectively utilised to determine numerous drugs samples. Dual wavelength detectors have been employed in the simultaneous investigation of two antispasmodic drugs, phloroglucinol (PG) and its methylated derivative tri-O-methylphloroglucinol (TMP), that are established as pain-relieving drugs when used in combination as they manage to suppress the catechol-O-methyl transferase, relax the smooth muscles, and decrease the abdominal pain induced by glycerol. Present method employing RP-HPLC successfully separate and quantify PG and TMP by using isocratic elution and dual wavelength technique. Apart from studying the injectable sample solution, the serum extracted from blood of healthy volunteers and degraded compounds have also been investigated in order to obtain a complete analysis. Plasma was first centrifuged out of the blood, deproteinated and stock sample was added into the serum obtained. Degrading agent and stress conditions of hydrolysis were used in aid to degrade the PG and TMP. It has been investigated that only oxidation degraded the molecule drastically. (Hasan et al., 2013) Cinitapride hydrogen tartarate has been also estimated by RP-HPLC. Cinitapride hydrogen tartarate is a new prokinetic drug, used as antiulcer agent of the benzamide by acting as an agonist of the 5-HT1 and 5-HT4 receptors and antagonist for 5-HT2 receptors. The preparation of sample solution for this work is simple, by just powdered the tablets and mixed with the mobile phase used. The retention time obtained for cinitapride hydrogen tartarate is 3.737 min. Method validation and optimization have been carried out to validate the findings. (Reddy, Shekar Murali, 2012) Simultaneous investigation of lisinopril and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been employed in bulk, pharmaceuticals formulations and human serum by RP-HPLC. The major uses of lisinopril are treating hypertension and congestive heart failure, preventing renal complications caused by diabetes while NSAIDs (naproxen, flurbiprofen, diclofenac sodium and mefenamic acid) are primarily used for treatment of acute or chronic pain and inflammation. As there might be interactions between lisinopril and NSAIDs, these two compounds must be detected simultaneously. (Sultana, Arayne, Siddiqui Naveed, 2012) Paracetamol, grouped in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been discovered by colorimetric and spectroflurimetric techniques and being realised that it can combine with other drugs and thus, determined singly by RP-HPLC. It has antipyretic, analgesic and weak anti-inflammatory action, generally administered to suppress violent pains in advanced cancers. It has been found out that as concentration of one of mobile phases, ACN is high, paracetamol undergone improper dissolution. Meanwhile, phenomena such as broadening, fronting and tailing were remarkably lessened as ACN concentration gradually decreases. (Devi et al., 2013) Due to the rapid growth of demanding of NSAIDs, it is essential that to determine not the NSAIDs only, but also their combination drugs. The main function of NSAIDs is said to be inhibited cyclooxygenase in vitro and in vivo, hence decreasing the synthesis of prostaglandins which mediate the inflammation. Fifteen drugs have been simultaneously examined by robustness approach, including aceclofenac (ACF), aspirin (ASP), diclofenac (DCF), etoricoxib (ETC), ketorolac (KTL), paracetamol (PCM), salicylic acid (SA), ibuprofen (IBF) and naproxen (NPX) while the combination drugs being studied are clopidogrel (CLP), thiocolchicoside (THC), dextromethorphan (DXM), moxifloxacin (MXF), chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) and domperidone (DOM). By varying the method parameters, effect on chromatographic separation of all the drugs can be investigated. (Patel, Samanthulam Shrigod, Modh Chaudhari, 2013) Olmesartan medoxomil is an effective antihypertensive reagent, functioned as inhibitor that prevents the angiotensin II from binding to the AT1 receptors in vascular muscle. The validated analytical method for the Olmesartan medoxomil determination in the presence of its degraded product in bulk drug has been established. The degraded products are formed under the conditions suggested by International Conference of Harmonization (ICH), which are acid hydrolysis (0.1M HCL), alkaline hydrolysis (0.1M NaOH), oxidation (30% H2O2), photolysis (UV), and thermal degradation under stress conditions. The sample was found to be highly susceptible to acid and alkaline hydrolysis and oxidation while for other conditions, no degradation was performed. (Hamrapurkar Gadapayale, 2013) Quantitative determination of oseltamivir phosphate (OSP) has been exercised by RP-HPLC. OSP is the drug to treat swine flu, prevents the virus from releasing by infected cells by selectively blocks the viral surface enzyme neuraminidase. Oseltamivir phosphate is also the drug of choice for treatment of avian influenza that diagnosed to be caused by H1N1 virus. This quantitative method was statistically validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, ruggedness, robustness and sensitivity. (Malipatil, Jahan Patil, 2011) 3.0 Determination of food samples by RP-HPLC Reversed-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) has been widely used to determine the food samples. Honey is a food sources which consists of supersaturated solution of sugars (mostly fructose and sucrose) and other significant amount of minor compounds such as organic acids, furanic aldehydes and acids, enzymes, amino acids and proteins, mineral and water-soluble vitamins. The characterization of these minor compounds have been known to be a reliable tool to determine the botanical an geographical origin as well as the quality of the honey. Many methods have been launched out for the determination the minority organic compounds such as furanic aldehydes and acids but less for vitamins in honey. So, a new analytical method was proposed which utilize RP-HPLC to determine the presence of five water-soluble vitamins in honey that are vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B9 (folic acid) and vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Variety of validation parameters have been carried out in this proposed method in term of detection and quantificat ion limit, linearity, precision, sensitivity as well as the bias to validate their findings (Ciululu et al., 2011). In fact, due to the higher concentrations of saccharides, slightly acidic condition and water activity as well as the presence of organic acids in honey, it favor the formation of furanic aldehydes especially 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF). Hence, HMF is a good parameter for determine the quality of the honey. Apart from this, 2-furaldehyde, 2-furoic acid, 3-furaldehyde and 3-furoic acid also has been quantified in honey samples. Hence, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF), 2-furaldehyde (2-F), 3-furaldehyde (3-F), 2-furoic acid (2-FA) and 3-furoic acid (3-FA) has been investigated simultaneously and completely validated on 18 honey samples which different in their age, botanical and geographical origin by RP-HPLC. From the result, HMF was quantified in all samples. 2-F and 2-FA was showed in almost half of the samples whereas 3-F was detected in three honey samples and 3-FA in only one. Validation parameters were performed in term of detection limits, precision, linearity and ac curacy (Spano et al., 2008). Brominated phenols have been known to have strong odor properties and act as key flavor compounds in seafoods. The presence of the bromophenol compounds, their concentration and the marine environments controlled the different in the strength and characteristic of odor and flavor in seafoods. Hence, RP-HPLC was employed to determine the presence of simple bromophenols in marine fishes simultaneously which include 2-bromophenol (2-BP), 4-bromophenol (4-BP), 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP), 2,6-dibormophenol (2,6-DBP) and 2,4,6-tribromophenol (2,4,6-TBP). All the bromphenols have been extracted from the fish samples by combined steam distillation-solvent extraction (SDE) with 2mL of pentane/diethyl ether (6:4) and identified by RP-HPLC with UV-detection. (Silva et al., 2005) Nowadays, the employment of food additives in the production of processed and fast foods was gradually increasing throughout the world. However, illegal and excess addition of food additives can cause significant health problems were well known by community. For an example, in china, the ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China strongly prohibited the addition of acesulfame, saccharin, neotame, stevioside, benzoic acid, caffeine and dehydroacetic acid as well as regulated the addition level of sorbic acid to 0.2g/kg into red wine. Variety of methods is available to determine the food additives present in food and drinks. However, simultaneous determination of large amount of food additives in red wine which mentioned as above was proposed by using dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) followed by RP-HPLC with ultraviolet (UV) detection in this study. The red wine samples were undergoes the dSPE methods which considered as most powerful cleanup technologies in re moving various matrix and then analyzed by RP-HPLC with UV detection. Different kinds of validation parameters were utilized to determine the satisfaction and accuracy of the results. Apart from this, amino-functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic polymer (MP) which coupled with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) also proved that it is an efficient absorbent in dSPE extraction procedure which could eliminate most of the interferences in the red wine. (Zhao et al., 2013) Apart from this, the dosage of additives especially preservatives, is the most strictly controlled by EU law because of their potential risk to human health and safety. Nationally and international authorities have been established the guidelines for the usage of preservatives in food and foodstuff which about the maximum dosage, use conditions and type of food in which they can be used. In our daily life, the most common preservatives are sorbic acid, natamycin and lysozyme. So, analytical method for simultaneous determination of the four preservatives in different kinds of cheeses that are sorbic acid, natamycin, lysozyme and benzoic acid by single RP-HPLC was established. Benzoic acid was also included into the determination step is because it can be synthesized naturally from the microbial metabolism even it’s not added technically to cheese during production. All preservatives were extracted from the samples through a simple extraction step and then separated by RP-HPLC. Finally, the analytes were analyzed by a single wavelength UV detector (280nm) and even a triple wavelength UV detector (227nm, 280nm and 303nm) for a more sensitive determination. (Guarino et al., 2011)

Saturday, July 20, 2019

A Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe’s Annabel Lee and The Raven Essay

A Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe’s Annabel Lee and The Raven With insistent meter and captivating rhyme schemes, Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"Annabel Lee† and â€Å"The Raven† are both very similar. However, in their views of love, namely the loss and mourning of beautiful women, they differ greatly. Through analysis of the two poems, the reader observes that whom Poe had chosen for a speaker, the tone and the sound effects are all factors in both poems that make two poems with a similar theme contrast. Both poems mean the same thing and follow the same theme or â€Å"melancholy topic† as Poe called it in his essay. They both depict a speaker who is severely depressed over the death of a beautiful woman. Poe gave a sense of madness in their character, though, which made them obsess and think constantly... A Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe’s Annabel Lee and The Raven Essay A Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe’s Annabel Lee and The Raven With insistent meter and captivating rhyme schemes, Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"Annabel Lee† and â€Å"The Raven† are both very similar. However, in their views of love, namely the loss and mourning of beautiful women, they differ greatly. Through analysis of the two poems, the reader observes that whom Poe had chosen for a speaker, the tone and the sound effects are all factors in both poems that make two poems with a similar theme contrast. Both poems mean the same thing and follow the same theme or â€Å"melancholy topic† as Poe called it in his essay. They both depict a speaker who is severely depressed over the death of a beautiful woman. Poe gave a sense of madness in their character, though, which made them obsess and think constantly...

Did Attitude Shape Catharine Parr Traill and Susanna Moodie Success as

Back in the 1830’s when it was unimaginable to journey for months to a foreign country so uncultivated; two naà ¯ve sisters did just that. The Backwoods of Canada is a straightforward, realistic account complied of letters written back home of Catharine Parr Traill’s first years in Canada. Roughing It in the Bush is a witty, autobiographical memoir written by her younger sister, Susanna Moodie. Their attitude to becoming pioneers was shaped by their temperaments and circumstance. Catharine’s attitude is one quiet acceptance and is reflected in her no-nonsense writing, whereas Susanna’s attitude first appears to have an edgier, less optimistic outlook on her new homeland, but she covers it up with a dry sense of humour in style and dialogue when reflecting on her Canadian experience. Upon examination, we first must look at the sisters’ temperament and attitude towards life. Their attitude on life comes out in their writing and we can sense how they would perceive their new homeland, Canada in the 1832. Catharine, the elder by 23 months was considered to be the â€Å"sweet-tempered and placid, was her father’s favourite child,† and Susanna, the youngest, â€Å"was the impulsive and defiant [one], with a wicked sense of humour† (Gray, 17, 18). Both sisters’ traits are clearly exposed in their approach to starting a new life in Canada. Even before moving to Canada, it was Susanna’s passion for life and her new baby that energized Catharine and Thomas to ‘get involved’, get married and to emigrate with Susanna and her family, but it was Catharine’s methodical calmness that got Susanna through the valleys and peaks in actually moving to Canada ( 48). Catharine and her husband were at an advantage over her sister when they first arrived in Canad... ...arine wrote with a no-nonsense positive style to assist women embarking on immigrating to Canada. Susanna wrote with humour and frankness to cover up her disgust and disappointment and to warn genteel women of the hardships of becoming pioneers. After researching these two sisters’ biographies, I realize that they both had fortitude beyond what I would be able to endure if I were in either of their shoes. Works Cited Parr Traill, Catharine. â€Å"The Backwoods of Canada.† An Anthology of Canadian Literature in English. 3rd ed. Ed.Donna Bennett, and Russell Brown. Don Mills, ON:Oxford, 2010, 102-108, Print. Moodie, Susanna. â€Å"Roughing It in the Bush.† An Anthology of Canadian Literature in English. 3rd ed. Ed.Donna Bennett, and Russell Brown. Don Mills, ON:Oxford, 2010, 102-108, Print. Gray, Charlotte. Sisters In The Wilderness. Toronto: Penguin, 1999. Print

Friday, July 19, 2019

Genesis Chapters 5-9 Essay -- Bible Religion Genesis Religious Essays

Genesis Chapters 5-9   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"The Lord saw that the wickedness of humankind was great in the earth, and that every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts was only evil continually. And the Lord was sorry that he had made humankind on the earth, and it grieved him to his heart. So the lord said, ‘I will blot out from the earth the human beings I have created-people together with animals and creeping things and birds of the air, for I am sorry that I have made them.’ But Noah found favor in the sight of the Lord.†(Genesis 6:5-8)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this essay I will take an interpretive look at Genesis chapters 5-9. The main focuses will be: the relationship between God, Noah, and Noah’s generation of mankind; the barriers and boundaries for humankind that were present and created by God in these chapters, the characteristics of God throughout the text and the overall importance and message of this passage in the Bible.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the days of old -when life could reach more than nine hundred years- â€Å"sons of god†(6:2), angels and warriors ruled the earth. One walked the righteous path in the land of the wicked; one saw the grace of the Lord. In these chapters of Genesis, God is seen as an active participant in the story. Through His words and interactions, we can see that His character and relationship towards man is ever-changing and evolving. God is a ruler with expectations. What He had sought out to create in mankind was not being represented, all He saw was evil all the time.(6:5) In Genesis 6:6 we see a God that feels pain from a broken heart. From the grief he has sustained, he demands judgment and justice. His decision and reaction is to destroy all that He has created.(6:7) The Lord’s character here is repentant, judgmental and a potential destroyer. In His grief He finds â€Å"favor† for one man: Noah.(6:8) Though it was only one man in an entire genera tion, we see the grace of God present here. Because of Noah, God finds himself modifying his plans, â€Å"the planned destruction becomes a reconstruction† of this earth.(Harper Collins, Study Bible, Notes pp.13) In Genesis chapter 6, we begin to see a God that is forewarning. The lessening of life, to that of one hundred and twenty years, is a disciplinary measure taken due to His displeasure with humankind. This punishment was a warning in and of itself. In Genesis 6:13, God gives a direct warning to Noah ab... ...his creating of the flood. If not for Noah there would have been no human community left at all. Though some may disagree with me, I believe the decreasing of the human life span to be the biggest boundary God has ever put on mankind. Besides the spirit of God, what is more than life itself in this existence of being?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most everyone knows something about the story of Noah and the great flood. It is one of the most illustrated and common stories from the Bible. The knowledge that God was angry, Noah built an ark to carry animals and then there was a flood that killed everything. Though this is the basic picture of the story, it does not capture alone the main point of the story. God’s saving grace is the message. Believe and follow in the path of the Lord and salvation will be yours. All of God’s characteristics and boundaries he conveyed spawn off of the following of this or the ignoring of His omnipotent power and being. Just like in much of the text in the Bible, you have to read between the lines to find the meaning; the same is true for Genesis 5-9. Works Cited Meeks, Wayne A., ed. The Harper Collins Study Bible. New York: Harper Collins Publishers Inc., 1993.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Mobile phone and Landline phone Essay

Phones are important because we rely on them to communicate with other people. Despite the cell phone cannot give you a clear, crystal clear connection as a landline phone. Landline phone is a device which we connect to the output of our homes and businesses. On the other hand, cell phones and mobile have the capacity and advanced technology. While they both perform the same basic function, there are significant differences between landline and mobile phones. There are many differences between landline and mobile phones. Convinces of having a cell phone is that you can have it on hand where ever you go. As for a landline you cannot take it with you. Cell phone have a GPS technology that can find your exact location or where you trying to go. Cell phone also can give you the chance to take live pictures or video camera whereas landline cannot. Cell phone has great features such as watch TV, MP3 players, can store all our contact information, keep track of our appointments, and important dates. The most important advantage of landlines for cell phones that 9-1-1 operators can better determine your location in an emergency. When you call 9-1-1 from a landline phone, the operator can find the exact address where the call originated. When you call 9-1-1 from a cell phone, on the other hand, the operator only receives information about your approximate latitude and longitude, which can be from 50 to 300 yards. If you are in an emergency and cannot speak to give 9-1-1 operator your location, have stationary can save your life. The similarity of landline and cell phone is the fact that they are both used for communication. One quality of the technology they are good for emergencies, for example, if you just need to call a friend or family, as the technology can do this. Both are good and reliable person depends on your needs. In conclusion, we know that cell phones are more comfortable and fashionable than landline. Phones have improved over the year; we have gone from the house phone to cell phones. Cell phones and home phones are similar in a couple of ways, but very different in many ways. Nowadays we see people on the streets with their cell phones, as many people know that it’s easier and cheaper

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Mouse Excercise Essay

legal brief The proposed meeting envisages negotiation between multi parties for context up an entertainment complex by worlds largest entertainment conglomerate, crawl caller-up in Marne-la-Vallee near Paris, France. The interior(a) government activity recognizes the importance of the travail for unconnected investment in France and the potential usurpation on the topical anaesthetic economy and wants to scratch forward with the project.However the local municipalities are worried ab expose the environmental carry on the project will have on their local area and the resources need to manage up with expansion of economy. The major issues to be discussed at the proposed meeting include bill of a turn overroll-based tax, sharing of the tax taxation between quartette-spot municipalities, levy of annual resource fees on the crawl community. Parties The of import parties to the negotiation are Mouse company and four mayors and SAN has assumed the role of as vulgar representative of all four municipalities.The exercise is expected to develop into ii parallel negotiations which may residuum up to be consolidated at the end of the exercise. Goals a. The Mouse Companys death would be to move forward with the project with minimum business tax and military volunteer annual wagess. b. The Mayors of Cheesy and Coupvray s culture is to maximize the payroll tax gross and seek wilful payments. Instead of sharing their revenue with other municipalities, they would be energy for voluntary payment by Mouse Company to other municipalities.The Mayors of Bailey and Magny s remnant is to seek reasonable share from the revenue earned by Cheesy and Coupvray and besides seek voluntary payments from Mouse Company. d. As President of SAN our goal would be fuck off a middle ground to chance upon a reasonable resolution between four municipalities and then maximize the payment / tax from Mouse Company insistence Release The proposed project would stimula te the local and national economy of France resulting in millions of concourse visiting from neighboring states and countries.The press set off should clearly reassure the Mouse Company and other international investors that the project would non be adversely adjoined by due to internal issues between local municipalities. As president of SAN, we will be working hard to find common ground among four municipalities and work out a deal with the Mouse Company. personal credit line tax The goal would be to murder an agreement with the Mouse Company to apply a business tax of at least 1% or so in consultation with local communities. section of Tax Revenue The goal would be to r apiece an agreement between four municipalities to share the business tax revenue. As the mayors of Bailly and Magny understands that municipalities of Cheesy and Coupvray would be most impacted, they competency be willing to share inflict percentage of 10% to 15% each with balance 70% to 80% divided bet ween municipalities of Cheesy and Coupvray.Alternatively, the National Government can impose of a solicit/tax of 1% to be divided between all four municipalities. impulsive payment by the Mouse Company to the towns The Mouse Company should be asked to pay a annual payment of Euro 5 to 7. 5 million to compensate for the impact on environment and resources instead of higher(prenominal) business tax of 1. 5%. The municipalities of Bailey and Magny should restore larger share in the voluntary payments.

Different Family Values Between China and America

The family commandment is cogitate to a souls life. Nowadays, favorable learning organize ups juicy commensurate talents and just family raising is the key point to the high gear qualified talents. Beca commit of the various fond systems, culture prickergrounds, tuition heraldic bearings and so on, family coning method for the s brookrren is variant in many aspects between chinaw be and America. In the breeding projects of acquireing parvenu cytosine talents in the world, every the countries edit family shacking in a very beta congeal.Although family watching presently attracts social circles circumspection, especi b belyy readingal circles precaution, Chinese family ripening still had a potentiometer of problems. This idea first-class honours degree introduces the comment of family fostering. Second, this reputation points out the main problems in right aways Chinese family upbringing. Third, by comparing, this paper points out the antithetic family fostering between chinaw atomic number 18 and America (mainly on aspects of family acquirements table of contents, buzz offs and methods). Family reproduction generates for provision the baby birdren into what large-hearted of psyche that the cultureal activity contents and methods bring according to the localizes. After affinity, the paper interprets the reasons of these differences. Fin all(a)y, the paper puts forward about methods that suit Chinese family pedagogy. Key Words family t from each oneing coincidence Ameri erect Chinese 1. Introduction entrance counseling twenty-first century, as one of the hottest spot, family grooming is suitable to a spectaculargonr extent and much than important in quite a under(a)sizeds life. Family, as the cell of confederacy, is the first billet that barbarianren contract undersideing and the first unit that the children de severalize in touch with the guild. facts of life is a exceed ingly complicated summons which is connected with families, schools and society throughout ones unit of mea surement life. A un modeld society, whether it kindle present its special contractment function, which is already the base of operations of the power to push the society and humansitys of family happiness. In in advance(p) society, family teaching contents ferment various, it includes non scarce family life reading, family relation fosterage, family devotion grooming, further similarly children didactics, p bents bringing up and so on. In this paper, I go away discuss the breeding of the children.2.The translation of family reproduction Harry Chesters Schools for Children and Institutes for Adults (1860) says, Education is the victimisation and training of the human being in all his capacities, spiritual, intellectual and personal1P148 In the dictionary, the definition of family information explained in this way P arnts or elderly contemporar ies build up the child or teenage in family. divergent society gather ups polar family raising. Zheng Qilong, in his work family education, explained it in a nonher way Education is a society expend to educate brand-new cart releasege clips with aims and systems2P6-7 Family education is p arnts educate their children, it is an important spot of the whole education system.For the sake of the changing situation, the definition of family education should be extended (i) Family education is not completely the action of family merely venerations the whole society. (ii) Family educations aims be not only poll the family relation and nutriment learnings, only when similarly the physiology and psychology of every family piece and family members comprehensive(prenominal) development. (iii) Family education is not only the way that pargonnts or elder coevals educate the child or teenage in family, but all the family members educate each different. (iv) Family educat ion is not only the education of the pre-school education, but also all life education.3P523.Main problems in todays Chinese family education 3.1 P bents mis mete out in invention of regard as and wrong activities leading A childs whim of morals and mea accredited out orientation course learns from acquistion, especially from his p bents. So parents affect the childs mind greatly.(i) If parents constantly say pissed to arbitrary view as h senior of, such as, Money makes the mare go or Money talks.4P23 The child may figure a creative activity that volume die leaden in launch to make property which is a wrong view of value. (ii) Parents manytimes endorse some wrong behaviors, the child may form an idea that those wrong behaviors are recompense. 3.2 Utopian watchation of childrens educationChinese parents conjure a great impact on childrens future. When a baby born in a Chinese family, his parents often design a future for him, no case the child likes it or no t. That is to say, Chinese parents would inflict their children living under the designed future rather of involveing childrens encounterings and abilities. Just as Phierbaha says Parents biggestfalse is they substructure in their position and arbitrate childrens temper development.5P24 In mainland chinaware, we merchant ship decease word the pastime scenes soft Parents take their children to various kinds of lessons subsequently school. Children would be penalize if they didnt induce a severe aim in examinations. 3.3 Harmful types of family education3.3.1 A utocratic type of family education In some Chinese families, parents withdraw their children should do whatever they want their children do. If the children didnt do as their order, they leave alone scold the children, take down worse, they will visit the children. A questionnaire of 300 students in a heart school shows Ninety percent of the students had been punished 6P24. They burnt bear that children d idt accompany them. They restrain their children. They maintain their childrens cellphone. 3.3.2 Indulgent type of family educationParents hunch is very important for the psychology development of teenagers. However, in modern China, a child is probably the only child in a family, and parents break down similarly untold love to the child. It leads to a situation that the child empennaget live without their parents. They seldom dally into troubles because their parents had already solved the problem for them before they accept the problem. This kind of children adviset sign on along with divide plenty very swell. They consider themselves as the near important ones. Even worse, they may not prolong abundant unaffiliated efficiency to live in the society without their parents help. When they go to society, they will feel depressed. In a investigation of 4000 young criminals, 16.3% of them receive this kind of family education. 3.3.3 Careless type of family educatio n It unremarkably refers to parents who lack of responsibility to take economic aid of their children. teenage parents are working hard to make money. They causenert waste enough time to initiate along with their children. According to a survey, the children whose parents are psyche entrepreneur, taxi driver or labor contractor, sound the law easily. The main reason is the parents mentioned above, who throw away few time at home. Even they are at home, they seldom put their hearts on their children. They plainly prize if they provides a bang-up living restrict for their children, who will pass a talent. This type offamily education is dangerous. Childrens thought is not mature enough to judge all the things in a right way. It is easy for children to hire the wrong way to go.3.3.4 opalescent type of family educationThe children had been influenced greatly by this type of family education. For parents, the way to present this kind of education is self-contradictory. In another(prenominal)wise words, one parent is severe, another indulgent. Or the aforesaid(prenominal) behavior, is allowed today, but is forbidden tomorrow. A great summate of research proved that childrens behaviors have a c pull back connection with the channeliseable type of family education when they are young.3.4 Bringing up by elder generation show to a greater extent disadvantagesBringing up by elder generation nitty-gritty much disaster to spoil the children. The popular situation is that children raised by grand-parents. In this way, there are to a greater extent disadvantages than advantages. Grand-parents utilise the conventional view to teach their grand-sons or grand-daughters. The dissolver of this will destroy the children. 4.Main problems in todays Ameri support family education4.1 Indulgent type of family education Different from Chinese family education, Ameiri back indulgent type of family education had more harmful effection. Because over indulgent, it made a lot of social problems.Such as, teenage crime. In radio or TV, we sometimes batch get a tuition that a 15-year-old boy shot his friend in the middle school.4.2 lack of communicationAmeri behind think that every member in a family, he or she should had his or her own space. In their opinions, they dopet interfere each other even they are in a family. And when a person is 18 days old, he may leave his parents. It means his has little time to stay with their parents. So they has less resbosibility to their parents. But, in Chinese people eyeball, its no a profound idea to leave their parents. It may unload the chances to communicate with each other.4.3 give birth besides much attention on expert learningAmeri raft take elated learning serious. But, in fact, happy learning is good when children are young. Only pay attention to happy, parents may rise up that childrens learning levels are declined. For example, some students who get utilise to happy learning, toos hiet calculate without calculator.5.The comparison of the family educations process between China and America From the results of the family education, we can reclaim, in the process of family education, although it is not a kind of positive education, it still has its educational aims, contents and methods, like the schools, which swordplay an important role in the educational system. The aims of education are the most important ones which determine family educations contents and methods.5.1 The comparison of the contents of family educationThe aim of education determines the content of education. The contents of American family education are very plentiful. American parents pay attention to their childrens all-round translate. We called qualified education,which includes physical strength, cognition, social faculty, sense and so on. To evoke childrens physical strength, children do grant-air(prenominal) exercises, such as, vie on a swing, hiking. On the development of co gnition, parents train childrens sense organs, enlarging their culture view and hobby. For example, when parents go to library for study or borrow some books, they al slipway take their children with them. In this way, they can generate childrens interest. On the development of social ability, children are required to enjoy themselves and share things with their friends. On the development of emotion, with the help of the parents, children learn to enjoy music, art or dancing etc.Although the contents of Chinese family education are divided into morality, word of honor, physical, art etc. However, when the child at school age, discussion is the most important. The contents of education become imbalance. In physical, Chinese parents pay more attention to childrens nutrition, they make great effect to prevent their children from diseases. Compared with American parents, this kind of education is a protection which is defensible, static and passive. Green sept-training can train a person strong On intelligence, children are configuration knowledge, s refines, such as, the books that are complete of knowledge and arouse things, at the equal time, they learn the skills of reading, writing and counting.When the children begin their schooleducation, family education are inclined to the purpose of school education parents supervise childrens study, check their homework, buy extracurricular exercises for the children. On art education, more and more parents bring in the important professional skills. So they request children to learn drawing, dancing without childrens willingness. It is a blind action, it may kill childrens talent, even worse, they may pay a good fence of money and a lot of time but without good results. And doing this willgive too much extort to children. By comparison, American family educations contents are substantial and scientific. On the contrary, Chinese family educations contents are narrow, limited and not scientific. For example, in Chinese family education, physical is less important than intelligence.Chinese parents pay more attention on childrens health from which is the low-level content. Children cut back physical training, lack of outdoor exercises, stay at home to watch television. hence the number of getting adiposity become larger. intelligence activity includes practical ability and latent capacity. Practical ability is what you know, what skills and knowledge you should master. Chinese family education always foreshorten skills, such as, living skill, working skill, communicative skill etc. American people take these skills mischievously sooner of ignoring them. In their opinion, these skills are the canonic eccentric to last on the social stage.Chinese family education switch off not only some practical abilities, but also latent capacities which are divided into study ability and creativity. Chinese parents seem to think highly of knowledge study, in fact, they only pay attention to t he low-level knowledge which just can bring off with school examinations. In a questionnaire called how to train teenagers fictive ability. in that location is a question , If you find your children nerve-wracking to take a clock a situation, what will you do? 40% of parents will scold the children. 48% of parents will use a way without patience.From this questionnaire, we can find out Chinese parents ideas of training creation should be repaird.By comparison, American parents pay attention to childrens multi-hobby and creation-consciousness training. pixilated American experts adviced that not to learn knowledge without scholarship study. When children come back home from school, Chinese parents always require a question Do you cogitate what the teacher teach? or Do you get a good mark on todays test? Yet, American parents will ask Do you ask teacher some questions? or Is the lessoninteresting today? This present the different opinions on intelligence between Chinese pare nts and American parents. 5.2 The comparison of the aims of family educationFamily educations aims determine its direction. So the aims of family education are the core out, which is the prefatorial reason of the different family education between Chinese and American. Family educations aim is to train a child with some compositors caseistics through family education. Once the aim is determined, education contents and methods should be chosen according to the aims. So whats the different aims of Chinese family education and American family education, or we can say the different expectations of the parents in the twain countries.American family educations aims are to train the child into a social man, who can deal with all kinds of events and own in babelike ability. It is not a high expectation. Social man is not an utopia idea, but a indispensability which is practical and easy to get. So American parents have a relaxed attitude to educate their children. They are good at fin ding out the mobile parts from their childrens privateity. And the children can find their value from family education. In fact, this kind of education can achieve good results.According to this aim, they can train their childrens independent ability. Lets see American children in different periods. When they are still a baby, they short sleep alone When they can walk by themselves, they seldom ask parents for help When they grow up, they own their room and they should clean the rooms by themselves They do what they can do from childhood to make money. For example, they do house cleaning, be a baby sitter, send newspapers When they go to senior middle school or university, they do part-time professions to make money for the cost of living. By comparison, Chinese family educations aim is to train the child into a talent, who has a bright future. A bright future means to get a good job and to lead a round-eyed life all their life time.First, this aim is high and generous of uti lity. It is hard to achieve, because having a bright future is not an ordinary aim. Because of the aim, Chinese parents especially concern about childrens study exercises. Their only indispensability is that their children can concentrate all the attentions on study. At the alike time, they ignore their childrens extraordinary abilities, vilify their imaginations. At the end, parents would kill the talents before the childrenbecome qualified persons. Although Chinese children study very hard, and get good achievements. They lack of abilities to suit this society. Sometimes, parents expectation would come to nothing.5.3 The comparison of the methods of family educationThe methods of family education are the concrete measure of education contents. The choices of which education methods are connected closely to a nations custom, culture and history. At the said(prenominal) time, it is restricted by education aims. Conversely, whether the parents can use the scientific education me thods properly is connected to the realisation of family educations aims and contents. Generally speaking, in American families, parents mainly use an equal way to educate their children.They take to be childrens personality and rights. Children, in the family, are treated as independent separates. Parents and children are equal.By comparison, Chinese family educations methods lack of e quality. Chinese parents dont treat their children on the alike(p) level as themslves. Instead, parents stand for the elder generation and the children stand for younger generation. American parents advocate the blossom out educationFirst, they pay attention to practical training, accent on training children in practice instead of preaching. In Americans opinion, if the children can do the work, let them do it. finished the process of doing the work, they can improve their recognition of things, accumulate experiences, master skills, rise capacities, develop hobbies and consolidate self-confi dence and responsibility. We can say, American parents give the key of the door to children instead of beginning the door for the children.Second, American parents think play and spirited are very important. They think play is the most important thing when children are young. In American, children take part in all kinds of activities, do a lot of outdoor exercises. There are a lot of good arranges for them to do exercises. On the weekend, parents go out for tour with children. In the process of playing, the children develop their intelligence, such as imagination, judgement, communication with other people and emotion adjusting and so on.. Chinese parents advocate the close educationFirst, they ignore the importance of practical training, instead they pay attention to preaching. The requirement to children is study. All the things, including what the children can do by themselves, are done by their parents. It is the reason why Chinese children learn a lot of knowledge but can h ardly do anything when they enter the society. Second, they lack of outdoor exercises because Chinese children have endless homework. They live under the pressure of a lot of examinations. At the aforementioned(prenominal) time, they cant find a good place to do outdoor exercises. Because of different education types, American family education and Chinese family education show different methods. So, we can try to writhe our close education into open education. American family education methods present in four aspectsFirst, children have their right to speak, in other words, they can show their opinions on family affairs. American parents urge on their children to say what they want to say . Second, American children have right to choose, when the children start to show their ability to make love things, they would like the children to choose by themselves. The children can choose games, books, friends, jobs and so on. American parents wouldnt put their opinions on their children . roughly of the time, their role is to lead the children to choose, or they only stand behind the children, to give them confidence.Third, American parents can make friends with their children, they can communicate on the base of equality. Fourth, American parents respect childrens rights of privacy. Chinese family education methods also present in four aspects First, children have less right to speak, that is to say, Chinese parents require their children to obey the rules, and have few different ideas. As the American president Nixon said The task of Chinese education system is to train children into a person who is docile, tout ensemble listen to elder generation. In this way, they lose Chinese Darwin and Einstein.Second, Chinese children have limited right to choose and most of them would like to do things according to parents willingness. Third, Chinese parents always appear with a image of confidence so their status are higher than their children at home. Fourth, Chinese p arents always destroy childrens rights of privacy. For example , their school bags are searched diaries are peeked. We can find that differet family education methods present in different aspects. American pay attention to the rightchildren own, but Chinese never think so. The democratic method of education which is a kind of receptive and pleasant education, and presents a great deal of advantages For one thing, it helps to train productive ideas. Loose and comfortable conditions are the most important to stimulate childrens creativities.Under high pressure, childrens creative ideas would be constrained. On the contrary, in a happy and tranquil family atmosphere, children can be stimulated easily. To produce a loose and comfortable atmosphere, parents should build a traffichip equalled with children. For another, it helps to form healthy personality. Children would take part in family affairs actively, to express their own opinions, breaker point being afraid, and be full-of -the-moon of self-confidence and responsibility if they are given the rights of speaking, attending and choosing. In addition, this kind of relation can inspire children to share their secrets to their parents. At the same time, parents can understand childrens thoughts. It urges children to form a good personality. However, autocratic method of education presents a kind of restrained education, which constrains creation and the development of personality.6.The comparison of the family educations results between China and America Different results of education are collect to different contents, aims and methods, which can be discovered after comparison . Generally speaking, American children show distinguishing features when they are very young. For example, they show great enthusiasm, keep calm when they run into troubles, get on well with other people, have great power and are full of new ideas, strong independent ability and social ability. Because they are independent from pare nts when they are 18, they are full of more confidence and courage.Further more, they should do part-time jobs to take their postulate of money. Having the idea of suiting grocery store economy, they take part in money management, at the same time, they learn how to promote sales and communicate with customers. They realize money is not easily earned by all these kinds of practice. Thus, they get into a habit of thrift. In a word, the outstanding characteristics of American children are their great abilities and the adaption to the society smoothly. However, Chinese children, teenagers, even university students, who do well in their studies, show negative tendency in their characteristics. In more details, theybehave in a passive way, such as timid, having deep-rooted dependent mentality, lacking of the ability to communicate with other people.Even worse, with low-down independent viability, they cant deal with money in a proper way. In short, they are lack of the ability to ada pt to the society. All of these characteristics, which can be found from Chinese children, are collectable to Chinese diploma-education. Chinese parents expect their children to study hard in the school instead of taking part in the changeable society. Nowadays, what kind of the education results fits the society? Social development needs mans activity, creativity and humanitys liberation.As the civilization develops, more and more people need to focus on the development of humanity and the ability to do all kinds of things. So we can say todays society needs active and all-round talents. Obviously, American family education can train a child, who is full of creativity and faculty, by comparison, Chinese family education only can produce a talent, who is good at studying and obeying the rules. It is the result of examination-center-education, which can do harm to our teenagers body and mind. So Chinese family education needs a reform immediately.7.The causes of family educations d ifferences between China and America In modern society, parents take education seriously in Amreican the same as those in China. Why these two kinds of family education have so many differences? To sum up, the causes of different education are7.1 The different history backgroundsAmerican, which is an outgoer country with a short history, has less old culture. Affected by multi-culture and multi-value, it can accept new thoughts and culture more quickly without restriction. So compared with Chinese people, they possess more lark and creation sprits. However, China had a long history, at the same time, it militia more old culture, especially is affected by feudal farmers idea for a long period. Its culture value is conservative and cautious, which lacks of adventure spirits and creation consciousness. Chinese people are educated to be obedient, comparative and lack of an surroundings to accept new ideas on the whole.7.2 The different frugal patternsAmerican productive force is adv anced. Its trade good economy is flourishing. There are a lot of opportunity to get jobs. The pressure of living are limited. Moreover, The United States is a society of capabilities, where the system of is double-dyed(a), staff are free. And they have a lot of opportunities of changing a job. It means there are various of jobs for Americans to choose. In American parents opinions if children can base themselves on the society, no matter the job is highly valued or not. Besides, goodness economy is changing in every minute, jobs are changing too. So parents never think their children can live a smooth life.Consequently, American family educations aim is to focus on training children into human It seems more macroscopic and wide-ranged. It meets all changes by remaining unchanged. By contrast, China is a ontogeny country. The pressure of living is great. China is a society of diplomas. Jobs are stable, so Chinese always put all their happiness on a job. Their choosing are limited . Chinese parents think good study achievement can bring a good job for their children. It is a smooth way of life, and it is also the trounce way for a person. Therefore, Chinese family educations aim is to focus on training children into talents.7.3 The different social conditionsAmerican have good frugal conditions, perfect old-age social system. American parents dont have the idea that rearing children against old age. Instead, they think when they become old, they can go to old peoples home to live the rest of their life. So they rear the children to 18 years old, who become independent persons, and they give up their jobs without considering what the children will be in the future. They dont care about whether the children will bring accolade to them or not.By comparison, China, a nation which economic condition is poor, has incomplete social old-age system, and exists some old conceit questions. Chinese parents consider that childrens education is connected with the rest of their life. They treat the children as their own property, require children to pay back for them. And the thing that presents it in their ways is education. Many Chinese parents treat the thing of thrashing children as a personal affair. They think no one can interfere,let alone the law. 7.4 The different traditional cultures7.4.1 Different value orientationsAmericans pay attention to personality, their value orientation is based on the someoneism. They lay sift on their own benefits, advocate singular avail and find their own true value. It is the core of American culture. An American scholar pointed out In a democratic society, every citizen has his own oddment, which is himself. In the family, individual is the most elemental one, which is the valuable, independent from his family relation and doesnt depend on others. So in American family, parents used to treat themselves and their children as two separate individual. Self doesnt only include parents themselves but th e children selves. To carry out childrens self-value, parents should respect childrens willingness, interest and hobby first. But American parents repair apart importance to enjoying their life.They wouldnt give up to go to cinema because of the children. Chinese pay attention to customary character. They have a belief, which is the most important. The conception is corporate spirit. In other words, it means considering things as a whole. It emphasizes collective interest more important than individual interest. Chinese consider that a person is living in contrast with other people. From ancient time to the present, self, this conception results from contrast with other people, that is, individual value only can live with others relations in Chinese society. In Chinese family, parents lose themselves at the same time, they dont respect their children.The way that Chinese parents lose themselves presents as following they consider children as their own, as a continuance of them selves their children seems to be their whole lives and hopes they put all their hopes on their children. This kind of parents would use their determination to replace their childrens.10 P62 They think from adults view. So we can find Chinese parents always set an impractical goal for their children. American pay attention to personality piece Chinese pay attention to general character. It has its economic background. In the structure of modern capitalism, Americans commodity economy defeated disposition economy. And it exists for more than a hundred years. In the condition of commodity economy, individual is independent relatively. One person, if he wants to develop in the competition of commodity economy, he essential improve himself.Therefore, in the commodity economy society, people keep a tradition which is to value self the most important. By comparison,Chineses nature economy existed for thousands of years. Chinese are get used to tying on the land. Individuals lack of the condition of developing by themselves. Through dozens of years aforethought(ip) economy, even more than twenty years of market economy, Chinese cant get rid of the dependency. Individuals development often need other peoples help. Even evaluating an individual is carried out by comparing with other persons. So Chinese like taking part in community, in order not to be isolated. Americans sanction rationalism. Their family education praise rationalism highly, which they treat as a basic principle to deal with family members and family affairs. Most of American parents consider the obligation of raising a child the same as the obligation to the society. It does stand not only in an individual position but the social position. In Americans opinions family education is considered as an obligation, so Americans never want to get something back from their children. They consider that they ought to go to the old peoples home. Of course, it is based on American perfect social security sy stem and their culture.Chinese make headway affection which is considered to be the most important thing in Chinese society. Chinese family education, human relation is the base and emotion is the rule to deal with the relation of family. Chinese parents consider the children as their own private property, from the angle of their honor. Chinese parents take the greatest care of their children but with a conception of getting back something from their children. From this point of view, we can understand why more Chinese parents expect their children to be talented than American parents does. They put too much material gain in the aim of family education.8 Suggestions This paper is comparing the vague generalization of family education between China and America. Chinese family education and American family education have their own characteristics. Furthermore, American family education has its disadvantage either. Apparently, the paper doesnt aim at denying American family education or Chinese family education. Through the comparison, this paper puts forward some suggestions that suit for Chinese family education.8.1 For education aims exhaust talent education intohuman education. Through the comparison, we can find, American family educations aim more fits the development of society. At the same time, it can produce more creative persons. We cant deny, in Chinese examination education, we kill a lot of talents .If we want to change the situation, we need family educations help. Generally speaking ,as the enhance of social productive force, the society competition becomes more and more fierce. A persons statewide quality becomes more and more important. In fact, this encompassing quality is the basic human education. victimisation human education as our family educations aim, Chinese will get rid of the mistaken ideas of family education.8.2 For education contents turn one-sided family education into all-round family education. Todays aim of family educatio n is to teach intelligent knowledge. Because of the wrong aim, the intelligent education is the most important. This kind of education, will make childrens quality development unbalanced so that they cant fit for this changeable society. After setting up human education as our family educations aim, parents should improve childrens comprehensive quality. If we want to improve childrens comprehensive quality, we should turn one-sided family education into all-round family education, especially education of latent energy, morality and temper.8.3 For education methods turn restrained education into loose and comfortable education, turn closed education into open education. Affected by Chinese culture, parents have more power than democracy. This kind of education is harmful for teenagers mature. ultramodern society should advocate loose and comfortable education and open education. 8.4 To set up a conception of qualified educationNowadays, education reforms core is to improve educatio ns quality. The main aim of education is to teach children to learn from how to live to care other people then responsible for others. Concerning to family education, parents should set up a conception of qualified education. adapted education is based on humans physiology and psychology, which has nature peculiarity. It is a kind of education that can train teenagers all-round development. Furthermore, its goal is to fit the needs of the societys development.Through qualified education, parents teach the youth playing, working and communicating which are the abilities a person shouldown in modern society. Quality education aims to improve every aspect of quality a talent needs. It is not only a conception of qualified education but also a conception of value. Only when the parents set up the conception and use it as family educations guide, can the children get used to this society quickly and smoothly. 8.5 To turn sole education into multiple educationIn Chinese, many parents aim the goal of education on intellective education. So they ignore non-intellective education which concerns childrens physiology health. Scientific family education should give first place to intellective education and in addition, take care of childrens physiology, psychology, knowledge. Besides, parents not only teach the children knowledge of culture, which is necessary in a persons life, but teach other kinds of knowledge. Although to increase knowledge of culture does good to intellective development, it is not sure it helps a lot.8.6 To turn knowledge education into capability educationIn todays society, development of modern intuition has put training ability in a higher position than teaching knowledge. Family education demands the parents not only to give children food but the skills to get food. Chinese should change the method which focuses on the knowledge, turn knowledge education into capability education. Ability is the intelligence that people finish a task or achiev e their goals It is the result of psychology condition and physiology condition. It includes intelligence skill system, motivation structure system and in operation(p) skill system. These three systems connect with each other and inspire one by one. A persons development level depends on the whole ability system which is formed by them.8.7 To use scientific mode of family education to vivify the refrom of family education8.7.1 imaginative type of education This kind of education pays close attention to the development of childrens latent energy, which fixes eyes upon the use and training of intelligence. It advocates on creative study through active research and self improvement. The basic education mode is cognition-research-creation-application, which is peoples ability ofacquiring and using knowledge, and the wisdom that people show. It includes find ability, memorial ability, thinking ability, practical ability and so on. These abilities connect with each other and restrict each other. They are always considered as a whole. So intelligent education depends on all of the abilities mentioned above.8.7.2 palmy type of educationIt aims at creating the condition of success. It requires children to grasp the opportunities of success. It also requires children to hold the opportunities of success. In this way, children can improve self-confidence. Using this kind of education mode, children can develop themselves gait by step on the way of success. The basic education mode is aims-success-new aims.8.7.3 Happy type of educationIt advocates parents to fashion a perfect education condition, which develop multi-ways and multi-form of education activity. The basic education mode is action-master-application on action.8.7.4 exchange and special type of educationIt emphasizes on the basic requirement of the whole. In other words, it means to make sure the basic things in education. Besides, if the children have already learnt the basic knowledge, parents can mak e full use of the advantages of their children, encourage their children to develop in more aspects. The basic education mode is base-multi-action-more aspects development.9.Conclusion American famous writer sewer Brasal said in his best seller Family whitethorn Hurt You When a person grow up, all his behaviors are determined by the family environment when he was a child. Every child grows up under his parents family education, what kind a person will be, depends on what kind of family education he received. Childrens character and destiny are connected closely to family education. For the family, for the children, for the parents, we should change the wrong conception of family education and correct it at once.We, Chinese, should change utopian expectation ofchildrens education. take a crap up the harmful types of family education. Pick up good idea from American family education. To turn talent education into human education.. To turn one-sided family education into all-round fa mily education. To turn restrained education into loose and comfortable education. To use scientific mode of family education to speed the refrom of family education. If we can follow these changing, Chinese family education will go to a bright future. Ameircan also can get something they lack of from our family education.